Journal: Skeletal muscle

Article Title: Aminoguanidine hemisulfate improves mitochondrial autophagy, oxidative stress, and muscle force in Duchenne muscular dystrophy via the AKT/FOXO1 pathway in mdx mice.

doi: 10.1186/s13395-024-00371-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4 AGH improved glutathione metabolism and reduced apoptosis. TA muscles from WT, mdx, and AGH-treatment mdx mice were isolated at 8 weeks of age. The ratio of (A) oxidized glutathione (GSSG) to glutathione (GSH) (GSSG/GSH), (B) the concentration of total GSH, (C) GSSG, and (D) GSH were mea sured per assay kit instructions. The activities of (E) GSH reductase and (F) GSH peroxidase in TA muscle were measured per assay kit instructions. Gene expression of (G) Gpx2, Gpx3, Gpx4, and (J) caspase3 measured using real-time PCR. Values were normalized to 36B4 levels. (H–I) Representative images and quantification of TUNEL-positive nuclei on TA muscle (20× magnification, scale bar = 100 μm). Values are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean for each experiment (n = 5). * p < 0.05 compared with WT control, # p < 0.05 compared with mdx

Article Snippet: For the apoptosis assay, sections were processed using a One Step TUNEL apoptosis assay kit (C1089, Beyotime) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Muscles, Isolation, Concentration Assay, Gene Expression, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, TUNEL Assay, Control

Journal: Skeletal muscle

Article Title: Aminoguanidine hemisulfate improves mitochondrial autophagy, oxidative stress, and muscle force in Duchenne muscular dystrophy via the AKT/FOXO1 pathway in mdx mice.

doi: 10.1186/s13395-024-00371-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 8 Summary diagram of AGH treatment in mdx mice. AGH treatment reduced ROS and apoptosis by restoring mitochondrial autophagy, restored the composition of muscle fiber types, and improved muscle force through the AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway

Article Snippet: For the apoptosis assay, sections were processed using a One Step TUNEL apoptosis assay kit (C1089, Beyotime) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Maleic Acid – but Not Structurally Related Methylmalonic Acid – Interrupts Energy Metabolism by Impaired Calcium Homeostasis

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128770

Figure Lengend Snippet: Increasing concentrations of MA led to more cell death and the activation of apoptosis pathways could be shown with annexin V–PI staining. Data are presented as percent of untreated control of n = 4 independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Human proximal tubule epithelial cells (hPTECs) were processed using an Annexin V apoptosis assay kit (BD Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit) according to the manufacturer’s protocol (BD Biosciences) and have been analyzed using flow cytometry.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Staining

Journal: Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

Article Title: Thermosensitive Hydrogel with Programmable, Self-Regulated HIF-1α Stabilizer Release for Myocardial Infarction Treatment.

doi: 10.1002/advs.202408013

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. The design, function and application of the injectable release-induced degradation thermosensitive hydrogel for HIF-1𝛼stabilization on my- ocardial infarction. Hydrogel formation is induced by hydrogen-bonding interactions between hydrophobic NIPAAm at 37 °C and 𝜋–𝜋interaction between DPCA. The pendant DPCAs on the polymer backbone enhanced gel formation by hydrophobic interaction. DPCA release can be initiated and controlled by the break of ester bonds. The released DPCA acts as an inhibitor of PHDs and maintains HIF-1𝛼stability to alleviate fibrosis and myocardial apoptosis, promote regeneration and angiogenesis.

Article Snippet: Besides similar preliminary processing, TUNEL staining (Colorimetric TUNEL Apoptosis Assay Kit, beyotime, C1091) and Masson’s trichrome staining (Masson’s Trichrome Staining Kit, beyotime, C0189S) were performed according to the instructions.

Techniques: Polymer

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: A scalable MNase-seq framework for reproducible nucleosome profiling across pluripotent stem cell and cardiomyocyte models

doi: 10.64898/2026.06.08.731013

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Workflow schematic illustrating single-cell dissociation, 1% PFA fixation, 4°C storage, and MNase-mediated chromatin digestion of E14.5 mouse embryonic hearts. Scale bars: 0.5 cm (embryo), 0.5 mm (heart). Quality control pipeline for dissociated E14.5 cardiac cell suspensions, comprising cytospin preparation, immunofluorescence staining, confocal imaging, and flow cytometry. (B) Confocal images of cytospun E14.5 cardiac cells stained for cTnT (cardiomyocytes), VIMENTIN (non-cardiomyocytes), and DNA, confirming intact nuclear and membrane morphology. Scale bar: 50 µm. (C) Flow cytometric analysis of dissociated E14.5 cardiac cells, identifying ∼35% cTnT+ cardiomyocytes within the nucleated cell population, consistent with the expected composition of the E14.5 murine heart. (D) Agarose gel electrophoresis of MNase-digested chromatin from 500,000 pooled E14.5 cardiac cells (n = 3 hearts) across increasing MNase concentrations (0.5–10 U, 5 min). Lane 1: no-MNase control. (E) Comparative MNase digestion at 3 U for 2.5 min using 250,000 cardiac cells from pooled (n = 3 hearts) or individual (n = 1 heart) E14.5 embryos, demonstrating equivalent nucleosomal profiles and confirming that single embryonic hearts provide sufficient material for chromatin profiling. (F) Workflow schematic for automated adult mouse cardiomyocyte isolation using the gentleMACS Octo Dissociator with Heaters and Heart Perfusion Kit. (G) Representative confocal images of cytospun adult cardiomyocytes stained for ACTN2, MitoSpy Green, and DNA, confirming intact sarcomeric organization, mitochondrial network integrity, and high-purity cardiomyocyte recovery (n = 3). Scale bar: 100 µm. (H) Sequential flow cytometry gating of langendorf-isolated adult cardiomyocytes, showing 96.4% intact cells, 88.2% nucleated (DNA+) events, and 93.4% cTnT+ cardiomyocytes within the nucleated fraction. (I) Representative confocal images of langendorf-isolated and cytospun adult cardiomyocytes stained for ACTN2, cTnT/TNNT2, and DNA, confirming intact sarcomeric organization and high-purity cardiomyocyte recovery (n = 3). Scale bar: 100 µm. (J) Time-course MNase digestion of 250,000 adult cardiomyocyte nuclei (adjusted for ∼85% binucleation) at 3 U across 1–10 min, with clear nucleosomal ladder resolution by 2.5 min. (K) MNase concentration titration of 250,000 adult cardiomyocyte nuclei (0.5–10 U, 5 min), with optimal nucleosomal ladder resolution at 3 U.

Article Snippet: For one of the two adult cardiomyocyte isolation strategies, hearts from 2- to 4-month-old wild-type C57BL/6J male and female mice were processed using the Miltenyi Heart Dissociation Kit, mouse and rat (130-098-373, Miltenyi Biotec) on the gentleMACSTM Octo Dissociator with Heaters (130-096-427, Miltenyi Biotec) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Single Cell, Control, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Imaging, Flow Cytometry, Membrane, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Isolation, Concentration Assay, Titration